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Test di registrazione dello schermo

Questo test verifica l’intero stack VNC/browser registrando una sessione del browser in modalità headed in un file MP4. Dimostra che:

  • Xvfb è in esecuzione e accetta connessioni su :99
  • Chromium può essere avviato in modalità headed sul display virtuale
  • ffmpeg può catturare il display tramite x11grab
  • Il file MP4 risultante è un video valido e riproducibile
  1. Interroga xdpyinfo -display :99 fino a quando il display X è pronto (stesso pattern dell’entrypoint)
  2. Avvia la registrazione ffmpeg del display a 10 fps
  3. Lancia Chromium in modalità headed tramite la sync_api di Playwright
  4. Naviga su https://example.com (pausa di 3 s), poi su https://httpbin.org (pausa di 3 s)
  5. Invia SIGTERM a ffmpeg per la finalizzazione pulita del file MP4
  6. Riporta il percorso di output e la dimensione del file

Salvate il seguente script come vnc-browser-test.py all’interno del container, oppure copiatelo dalla directory docs/tests/ di questo repository:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""VNC/browser stack integration test.
Proves that Xvfb, headed Chromium (via Playwright), and ffmpeg screen
recording all work together inside the devcontainer by recording a
browser navigating to two websites and producing an MP4 video.
Usage: python3 vnc-browser-test.py [output_path]
Default output: /tmp/recording.mp4
"""
import os
import signal
import subprocess
import sys
import time
DISPLAY = os.environ.get("DISPLAY", ":99")
DEFAULT_OUTPUT = "/tmp/recording.mp4"
RESOLUTION = "1280x1024"
FRAMERATE = "10"
XVFB_TIMEOUT = 50 # iterations (~5 s at 0.1 s each)
SITES = [
("https://example.com", 3),
("https://httpbin.org", 3),
]
def wait_for_xvfb():
"""Poll xdpyinfo until the X display is ready (mirrors entrypoint.sh)."""
print(f"Waiting for Xvfb on {DISPLAY} ...")
for i in range(XVFB_TIMEOUT):
result = subprocess.run(
["xdpyinfo", "-display", DISPLAY],
stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
)
if result.returncode == 0:
print(f" Display ready after {i * 0.1:.1f}s")
return
time.sleep(0.1)
sys.exit(f"ERROR: Xvfb display {DISPLAY} not ready after {XVFB_TIMEOUT * 0.1:.1f}s")
def start_recording(output_path):
"""Start ffmpeg x11grab recording and return the process."""
cmd = [
"ffmpeg",
"-y",
"-f", "x11grab",
"-video_size", RESOLUTION,
"-framerate", FRAMERATE,
"-i", f"{DISPLAY}.0",
"-c:v", "libx264",
"-preset", "ultrafast",
"-pix_fmt", "yuv420p",
output_path,
]
print(f"Starting ffmpeg recording -> {output_path}")
return subprocess.Popen(
cmd,
stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
)
def stop_recording(proc):
"""Send SIGTERM and wait for ffmpeg to finalize the MP4."""
print("Stopping ffmpeg ...")
proc.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
try:
proc.wait(timeout=10)
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
proc.kill()
proc.wait()
def browse_sites():
"""Launch headed Chromium via Playwright and visit each site."""
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright # noqa: PLC0415
with sync_playwright() as pw:
browser = pw.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
args=[
"--no-sandbox",
"--disable-gpu",
f"--display={DISPLAY}",
],
)
page = browser.new_page(viewport={"width": 1280, "height": 1024})
for url, pause in SITES:
print(f" Navigating to {url} ...")
try:
page.goto(url, timeout=15000)
except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
print(f" Warning: navigation error ({exc}), continuing")
time.sleep(pause)
browser.close()
def main():
output_path = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else DEFAULT_OUTPUT
wait_for_xvfb()
ffmpeg = start_recording(output_path)
# Give ffmpeg a moment to initialize before browser activity
time.sleep(1)
try:
browse_sites()
finally:
stop_recording(ffmpeg)
if os.path.isfile(output_path):
size = os.path.getsize(output_path)
print(f"\nSUCCESS: {output_path} ({size:,} bytes)")
else:
sys.exit(f"ERROR: output file not created: {output_path}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Terminal window
python3 vnc-browser-test.py /tmp/recording.mp4
Waiting for Xvfb on :99 ...
Display ready after 0.3s
Starting ffmpeg recording -> /tmp/recording.mp4
Navigating to https://example.com ...
Navigating to https://httpbin.org ...
Stopping ffmpeg ...
SUCCESS: /tmp/recording.mp4 (1,234,567 bytes)

Il file MP4 dovrebbe mostrare la finestra di Chromium che renderizza entrambi i siti web sul desktop fluxbox. Riproducetelo con ffplay, vlc, oppure scaricatelo dal container per verificare.

SintomoCausa probabile
Xvfb display :99 not readyXvfb non avviato — verificare che l’entrypoint abbia eseguito lo stack VNC
ffmpeg: x11grab errorMismatch del display o ffmpeg privo del supporto x11grab
Playwright launch errorChromium non installato o mancanza di --no-sandbox
MP4 di 0 byteffmpeg è stato terminato prima della scrittura — verificare la gestione di SIGTERM